The name of the “Missa Sancti Nicolai” refers to the composition of the Mass for St. Nicholas Day in 1772. Every year on this day a Mass was held in honor of the Prince of Esterházy who shared his name-day with St.Nicholas.

It is thought that Haydn wrote this composition specifically to thank the Prince for allowing him to return to Eisenstadt. Some years later, trumpet and timpani parts were added to the work.

As with the“Great Organ Mass” these additional parts were not actually written by Haydn himself, but simply authorized by him. They are included in the score and performance material so that both versions can be performed.